Warming World: credits and licenses
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Every number on the map is NASA GISS's, or this app's annual mean and rounding of GISS's monthly
values; in Absolute, ERA5's 1951–1980 average (the last section below) is added to them. The data
file (data/snapshot.json) is replaced about once a month from GISS's newest release and carries its
own sources, access date and citations, which the About screen prints. Nothing is fetched at
runtime: the app has no network. NASA does not endorse this app. It uses NASA's published data, as
NASA's media guidelines allow for factual use. No NASA insignia or logotype is used.

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NASA GISS SURFACE TEMPERATURE ANALYSIS, VERSION 4 (GISTEMP V4)

    Owner: NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies
    Used for: The map, the tap card and the year row: the 1 200 km Land-Ocean Temperature Index on a
              2° grid (gistemp1200_GHCNv4_ERSSTv5.nc.gz). The stripes and the global means: GISS's
              own table (GLB.Ts+dSST.csv).
    URL: https://data.giss.nasa.gov/pub/gistemp/gistemp1200_GHCNv4_ERSSTv5.nc.gz
         https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/tabledata_v4/GLB.Ts+dSST.csv
         https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/
    Release: 2026-08/2026-09-08T02:31:15
    License: Public domain in the United States (US Government work, 17 U.S.C. §105); GISS asks for
             a citation of the page (with the access date) and of its most recent paper
    Retrieved: 2026-10-01
    Changes: Annual means of each 2° cell (a year needs 9 of its 12 months; the partial year three
             quarters of its published months), rounded to 0.1 °C half away from zero; rows
             reordered north first; the newest 24 months rounded to 0.1 °C. Nothing interpolated or
             filled.
    Cite: GISTEMP Team, 2026: GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP), version 4. NASA Goddard
          Institute for Space Studies. Dataset accessed 2026-10-01 at
          https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/.
          Lenssen, N., G.A. Schmidt, M. Hendrickson, P. Jacobs, M. Menne, and R. Ruedy, 2024: A
          GISTEMPv4 observational uncertainty ensemble. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 129, no. 17,
          e2023JD040179, doi:10.1029/2023JD040179.
    Attribution: Temperature: NASA GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP v4); annual means and
                 0.1 °C rounding by this app.
    Inputs and method, cited: Menne, M. J., C. N. Williams, B.E. Gleason, J. J Rennie, and J. H.
                              Lawrimore, 2018: The Global Historical Climatology Network Monthly
                              Temperature Dataset, Version 4. J. Climate, 31, 9835-9854,
                              doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0094.1.
                              Boyin Huang, Peter W. Thorne, Viva F. Banzon, Tim Boyer, Gennady
                              Chepurin, Jay H. Lawrimore, Matthew J. Menne, Thomas M. Smith, Russell
                              S. Vose, and Huai-Min Zhang (2017): NOAA Extended Reconstructed Sea
                              Surface Temperature (ERSST), Version 5. NOAA National Centers for
                              Environmental Information. doi:10.7289/V5T72FNM.
                              Hansen, J., R. Ruedy, M. Sato, and K. Lo, 2010: Global surface
                              temperature change. Rev. Geophys., 48, RG4004,
                              doi:10.1029/2010RG000345.
    Endorsement: NASA does not endorse this app. It uses NASA's published data, as NASA's media
                 guidelines allow for factual use. No NASA insignia or logotype is used.

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NATURAL EARTH 1:50M, VERSION 5.1.2: LAND, LAND BORDERS, LAKES

    Owner: Natural Earth (naturalearthdata.com), Nathaniel Vaughn Kelso, Tom Patterson and
           contributors
    Used for: The coastlines, lakes and country borders drawn over the globe and the map
              (assets/world.json).
    URL: https://github.com/nvkelso/natural-earth-vector/tree/f1890d9f152c896d250a77557a5751a93d494776
         https://www.naturalearthdata.com/
    Files (sha256): ne_50m_land.geojson
                    e874b27a51d146452be360cafb3cc50c86001074a67d534113e6534682f9826b
                    ne_50m_admin_0_boundary_lines_land.geojson
                    2faac4f6b34386f3d21b6e018cf151f241f00e5c936d44dd17d7d9bfb147fa48
                    ne_50m_lakes.geojson
                    d350b75978b26fe839b797c2c529b2fb8f47fb3983c03f4964e36d5df9378a52
    License: Public domain (Natural Earth's own dedication; not US Government work)
    License text: "All versions of Natural Earth raster + vector map data found on this website are
                  in the public domain." "No permission is needed to use Natural Earth. Crediting
                  the authors is unnecessary." (LICENSE.md at the pinned commit)
    Retrieved: 2026-09-30
    Changes: Simplified (Visvalingam–Whyatt, 10 km²), rounded to 0.01° and delta-coded; 36 lakes of
             5 000 km² and more kept, measured on the sphere; rings under 4 points dropped.
    Attribution: Coastlines, borders and city names: Made with Natural Earth (public domain).

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NATURAL EARTH 1:50M, VERSION 5.1.2: POPULATED PLACES (SIMPLE)

    Owner: Natural Earth (naturalearthdata.com)
    Used for: The city names on the globe and in the tap card (assets/places.json).
    URL: https://github.com/nvkelso/natural-earth-vector/tree/f1890d9f152c896d250a77557a5751a93d494776
    Files (sha256): ne_50m_populated_places_simple.geojson
                    8e70756b39fae9bcdc1e332bfc510c024c5edd3a13203ffd20092ee37b61d978
    License: Public domain (Natural Earth's own dedication; not US Government work)
    Retrieved: 2026-09-30
    Changes: All 1 251 places kept, names with runs of spaces collapsed, positions rounded to 0.01°,
             ranked in four tiers from scalerank, places at 60° and beyond promoted to tier 3.
    Attribution: Coastlines, borders and city names: Made with Natural Earth (public domain).

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ARCHIVO (TYPEFACE)

    Owner: Héctor Gatti and the Omnibus-Type team (The Archivo Project Authors)
    Used for: The only typeface the app sets (fonts/archivo-ww.woff2); the license is fonts/OFL.txt.
    URL: https://github.com/Omnibus-Type/Archivo
    Files (sha256): fonts/archivo-ww.woff2
                    d5a9fa7bb7ad45bd69d8075fd101fbc7dddf65f3cb1acf33388ae9b530b7069f
                    fonts/OFL.txt 8b23f87ce5825634fcc566fbfc62d91924d7cc69b24ff2cbbce93845264b025f
    License: SIL Open Font License 1.1, no Reserved Font Name
    Retrieved: 2026-09-30
    Changes: subset to weight 400-700, width 87.5-100 and Latin characters by
             tools/art/font_subset.py, from google/fonts commit
             95f4904fc8bcf26d3420fe315560c96417c6dec7, ofl/archivo/Archivo[wdth,wght].ttf
             (658 596 B, sha256 0e094a7d3c7c4c25cf1310c4b30014f1dae9332220b1c2c88f4fa996f0b05053).
    Attribution: Type: Archivo by Héctor Gatti and Omnibus-Type, SIL Open Font License 1.1.

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ERA5-BASED 2 M AIR TEMPERATURE, 1951–1980 AVERAGE (ABSOLUTE)

    Owner: Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), implemented by ECMWF; the 1990–2019 climatology
           read here is WeatherBench 2’s copy of ERA5
    Used for: The Absolute mode only: each 2° cell’s 1951–1980 average, per calendar month and for
              the year, to which the app adds GISS’s anomaly (assets/climatology.json, built by
              tools/climatology/build_climatology.py).
    URL: https://storage.googleapis.com/weatherbench2/datasets/era5-hourly-climatology/1990-2019_6h_240x121_equiangular_with_poles_conservative.zarr/2m_temperature/
         https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/datasets/reanalysis-era5-single-levels
    License: ERA5: CC BY 4.0 (creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The copy read here,
             WeatherBench 2’s climatology, is published under the Licence to Use Copernicus
             Products, which its bucket’s LICENSE file quotes.
    License text: Licence to Use Copernicus Products, 5.1.2: Where the Licensee makes or contributes
                  to a publication or distribution containing adapted or modified Copernicus
                  Products, the Licensee shall provide the following or any similar notice: Contains
                  modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information [Year]. 5.1.3: Any such
                  publication or distribution covered by clauses 5.1.1 and 5.1.2 shall state that
                  neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use that may be
                  made of the Copernicus information or data it contains.
                  The Climate Data Store’s catalogue record for ERA5 hourly data on single levels:
                  license CC-BY-4.0.
    Retrieved: 2026-10-06
    Changes: Averaged over its four hours and into calendar months; its 61-day smoothing undone for
             the yearly cycle’s harmonics 1–3; remapped conservatively onto 2° cells; moved from
             1990–2019 to 1951–1980 by GISTEMP’s own mean anomaly for each cell and calendar month;
             quantized to 0.5 °C.
    Cite: Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S): ERA5 hourly data on single levels from 1940 to
          present. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS), DOI:
          10.24381/cds.adbb2d47.
          Hersbach, H., and others, 2020: The ERA5 global reanalysis. Quarterly Journal of the Royal
          Meteorological Society, 146(730), 1999–2049, doi:10.1002/qj.3803.
          Read through WeatherBench 2’s ERA5 climatology for 1990–2019, downloaded from WeatherBench
          2 on 2026-10-06: Rasp, S., and others, 2024: WeatherBench 2: A Benchmark for the Next
          Generation of Data-Driven Global Weather Models. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth
          Systems, 16(6), e2023MS004019, doi:10.1029/2023MS004019.
    Attribution: Absolute temperatures: the 1951–1980 average 2 m air temperature from ERA5
                 (Copernicus Climate Change Service, ECMWF), averaged onto GISS’s 2° grid by this
                 app and moved from 1990–2019 to 1951–1980 by GISTEMP’s own anomalies; GISS’s
                 anomaly is added to it. Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service
                 information 2026. Neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any
                 use that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains.

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